A guided tour of RFC 6071, the roadmap that maps the sprawling IPsec and IKE RFC landscape - the seven document groups, IPsec-v2 vs v3, IKEv1 vs IKEv2, extensions, and crypto requirement levels.
2026, Jul 20 —How HOTP (RFC 4226) turns a shared secret and a counter into a 6-digit one-time password using HMAC-SHA-1 and dynamic truncation, with its security analysis, validation rules, and link to TOTP.
2026, Jul 20 —A simple guide to ML-KEM, the new way two computers share a secret code that quantum computers cannot steal, explained with padlocks, locked boxes, and a clever double-check.
2026, Jul 03 —A simple guide to ML-DSA, the new signature that quantum computers cannot fake, explained with everyday analogies about wax seals, secret paint, and drawings that must stay inside the lines.
2026, Jul 03 —How SLH-DSA (FIPS 205) builds a stateless post-quantum signature from hash functions alone, layering WOTS+, XMSS, a hypertree, and FORS, with the twelve parameter sets and the small/fast trade-off.
2026, Jun 29 —How ML-KEM (FIPS 203) builds a post-quantum key-encapsulation mechanism from module lattices, the K-PKE component, the Fujisaki-Okamoto transform with implicit rejection, and the three parameter sets.
2026, Jun 29 —How ML-DSA (FIPS 204) builds a post-quantum digital signature from module lattices, the Fiat-Shamir with Aborts construction, rejection sampling, and the three NIST parameter sets.
2026, Jun 29 —How the Chinese Remainder Theorem works, why it defines a ring isomorphism, and how it accelerates RSA signatures and explains square roots modulo a composite.
2026, Jun 28 —A formal technical classification of zero-knowledge proof vulnerabilities covering trusted setup failures, Fiat-Shamir binding errors, under-constrained witnesses, proof verification bypasses, and protocol-level boundary gaps.
2026, Jun 19 —A simple guide to the main ways zero-knowledge proof systems have been broken, explained with everyday analogies about magic locks, bakers, and inspectors.
2026, Jun 19 —Canton Network is a privacy-preserving Layer-1 blockchain using Daml smart contracts and two-layer consensus. Learn its architecture, privacy model, and how it compares to Ethereum, Railgun, Zcash, Zama fhEVM, and Besu.
2026, May 12 —A deep technical analysis of the OpenZeppelin ERC-7984 Confidential Fungible Token implementation, covering the core accounting model, FHE-safe arithmetic, ACL access patterns, operator system, and the extension ecosystem.
2026, Feb 24 —Pedersen commitment provides a way to commit to a secret value while keeping it hidden, and ensures the value cannot be changed later.
2025, Nov 22 —Seal is a framework that allows developers to encrypt data using Identity-Based Encryption (IBE) while enforcing onchain access policies on Sui.
2025, Sep 27 —This article explains the cryptography behind zk-SNARKs and compares them to other zero-knowledge proofs like STARKs and Bulletproofs.
2025, Jul 29 —Deep dive into blockchain wallets with Circle and Fireblocks and explore how they use AWS services such as AWS Nitro Enclave
2025, Jul 29 —The Poseidon hash function is a cryptographic hash function specifically designed for use in zero-knowledge proof systems like SNARKs and STARKs.
2025, May 27 —Short integer solution (SIS)is an average-case problems used in lattice-based cryptography constructions. SIS is one of the problems believed to be hard even for quantum computers.
2025, Apr 23 —This article is a deep dive into the generation of private keys until obtaining a public address through the main related BIPs - BIP-32 and BIP-39
2025, Mar 27 —DECO is a zkTLS-oracle made by Chainlink for authenticating and verifying web data in a privacy-preserving manner.
2025, Jan 13 —Fault injection attack (FIA) is a technique that targets the hardware itself to create unexpected behaviors in systems, often with catastrophic consequences.
2024, Dec 30 —Mutual TLS (mTLS) is an extension of the standard TLS protocol which requires both the client and server to present and validate certificates, enabling mutual authentication.
2024, Dec 16 —HMAC (Hash-Based Message Authentication Code) is a cryptographic algorithm used to ensure both integrity and authenticity of a message.
2024, Nov 27 —Transport Layer Security (TLS) 1.3 is the latest version of the TLS protocol, designed to enhance internet security, speed, and privacy.
2024, Nov 04 —Differential cryptanalysis is a method to attack symmetric cryptographic algorithms, such as block ciphers, by analyzing the impact of specific input differences on output differences after several rounds of encryption.
2024, Oct 30 —Shamir's Secret Sharing (SSS) is a cryptographic technique that allows to split a secret, such as a private key, into multiple shares distributed among trusted parties. Only a specified threshold of shares is required to reconstruct the secret, ensuring security against unauthorized access.
2024, Oct 29 —This article explains the generation of private keys in Bitcoin until obtaining a public address and the different type of addresses.
2024, Oct 28 —Learn how ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm) works, its role in digital signatures, and its different use cases, notably in Blockchain.
2024, Oct 23 —This article is an introduction to Multi-Party Computation (MPC)Mathematical Foundation of MPC
2024, Oct 21 —This article presents the different types of crypto wallets (hot, warm, cold) and their associated risks
2024, Oct 15 —This article presents the different types of crypto wallets (hot, warm, cold) and their associated risks
2024, Oct 08 —Bulletproofs are efficient and compact zero-knowledge proofs. They're enhancing privacy and scalability in blockchain systems by reducing data size and verification time.
2024, Aug 13 —This article is a summary of the main concepts behind Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP).
2024, Jun 17 —Overview of the main development frameworks to build zero-knowledge system which Plonky2(Polygon), Halo2(Zcash), Boojum (Matter Labs),...
2024, Jun 10 —Presentation of Winternitz One-Time Signature (W-OST), a post quantum algorithm which relies on hash function (e.g SHA-256)
2024, May 30 —Presentation of the hash function Pedersen, which is efficient for zero-knowledge circuits (e.g. zk-SNARK)
2024, May 07 —Staking in Ethereum is a key functionality. This article explains the main concepts behind it - BLS signature, slashing, Withdrawal address,...
2024, Mar 28 —This article focuses on the different secrets available on Metamask, one of the most used crypto wallets.
2023, Jul 20 —This article details how to encrypt a USB drive on Windows with Bitlocker, an encryption tool offered by Windows.
2022, Oct 06 —This tutorial present the different steps to create a multi signature wallet with Gnosis Safe on Ethereum.
2022, Aug 12 —Cet article présente le protocole Wifi WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) en se focalisant sur les aspects sécuritaires (confidentialité, intégrité, authenticité).
2022, Apr 28 —Cet article aborde les différents tests et jeux auxquels on peut soumettre un crypto système pour vérifier sa robustesse (p.ex. IND-CPA et IND-CAA).
2022, Apr 24 —Cet article présente le mode opératoire de chiffrement authentifié GCM avec une analyse sur sa sécurité (confidentialité, intégrité, authenticité et la génération d'IVs).
2022, Apr 22 —Cet article présente le schéma de chiffrement intégré ECIES (Elliptic Curve Integrated Encryption Scheme) permettant de réaliser du chiffrement hybride.
2022, Apr 22 —Cet article présente le mode opératoire ECB avec une analyse sur sa sécurité (confidentialité, intégrité, authenticité).
2022, Apr 22 —Cet article présente le mode opératoire CTR avec une analyse sur sa sécurité (confidentialité, intégrité, authenticité et la génération d'IV).
2022, Apr 22 —Cet article présente le mode d'opération CBC en analysant également sa sécurité (réutilisation d'IV, répétition de blocs).
2022, Feb 27 —Cet article explique l'implémentation des courbes elliptiques avec la librairie SageMath, par exemple la définition et l'addition des points sur une courbe.
2022, Feb 27 —Présentation du protocole de mise au point de clé Diffie-Hellman (key-agreement protocol) avec un exemple d'implémentation pour mieux comprendre les principes.
2021, Oct 28 —Cet article présente les manières d'analyser un message dont on ne connait pas la méthode de chiffrement employé. Il se concentre sur les chiffrements classiques ":" substitution mono-alphabétique (César, Vigenère) et la transposition comme le chiffre de RailFence.
2021, Aug 09 —Cet article traite du problème du logarithme discret sur une courbe elliptique. Il contient un exemple faisant appel à la librairie python SageMath.
2021, Jul 30 —Cet article explique comment implémenter le chiffrement RSA avec SageMath, logiciel permettant d'effectuer des opérations mathématiques utiles en cryptographie.
2021, Jul 27 —