Each Ethereum block calls small assembly contracts from a reserved address. Beacon roots, block hashes, exit queues, fees and what integrators must check.
2026, Nov 04 — 33 minute read
How Ethereum picks a head with LMD GHOST and finalises it with Casper FFG, read from the current spec functions and checked with a simulation.
2026, Nov 04 — 41 minute read
EIP-4788 beacon proofs depend on container layout: why Electra broke hardcoded gindices, what a stale proof verifies, and how to design for Gloas.
2026, Nov 04 — 43 minute read
How Lazarus drained 1.46B USD from Bybit's Safe cold wallet with one blind-signed delegatecall, what was recovered, and how it compares with exchange hacks.
2026, Oct 30 — 17 minute read
How Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, Cardano, Aptos, Sui, XRPL, Zama, Canton and Aztec plan to replace ECDSA and EdDSA, and which chains already run PQ signatures.
2026, Oct 29 — 16 minute read
The NIST post-quantum standards ML-KEM, ML-DSA, SLH-DSA and FN-DSA, what each replaces, and where Cloudflare, Google, Apple, AWS and Signal run them in 2026.
2026, Oct 29 — 16 minute read
MIT 6.0002 lecture 4: predictive nondeterminism, probability as counting, the independence trap, simulated dice and birthdays, and seeded pseudo-random numbers.
2026, Oct 26 — 27 minute read
