A technical explanation of Ouroboros, Cardano's Proof-of-Stake consensus protocol. Covers epochs and slots, VRF-based slot-leader election, the stake snapshot, chain selection, KES keys, the reward model, and finality.
2026, Jul 16 — 11 minute read
A technical comparison of Cardano's Extended UTXO (eUTXO) model with Bitcoin's original UTXO model. Covers the shared coin-based foundation and the three extensions (datum, redeemer, script context) that enable expressive validators and stateful contracts.
2026, Jul 16 — 13 minute read
A simple guide to Cardano's eUTXO model, explained with a jar of real coins, sticky notes, and a referee. Shows how it works and how it is different from Bitcoin, for curious readers of all ages.
2026, Jul 16 — 9 minute read
A technical overview of Cardano's on-chain governance under CIP-1694 (the Voltaire era). Covers the three governance bodies, the seven action types, ratification thresholds and lifecycle, vote delegation, and what it means for developers.
2026, Jul 16 — 10 minute read
A technical guide to Cardano smart-contract security. Covers the attack classes the eUTXO model removes by design (reentrancy, double-spend, MEV) and the vulnerabilities that remain (double satisfaction, datum hijacking, token forgery, resource exhaustion) with defensive patterns.
2026, Jul 16 — 11 minute read
A categorized tour of the Cardano Improvement Proposals. Explains the CIP and CPS processes, the status lifecycle, and walks through all nine official categories (Meta, Ledger, Consensus, Network, Wallets, Tokens, Metadata, Plutus, Tools) with their notable proposals.
2026, Jul 16 — 15 minute read
A technical guide to Aiken, the smart-contract language for Cardano. Covers the eUTXO validator model, the single-binary toolchain, Plutus V3 validator handlers, parameterized minting policies, the built-in test runner, and the CIP-57 blueprint deployment flow.
2026, Jul 16 — 15 minute read
